基于城乡视角的我国人口健康不平等及改进路径研究

Inequality in Health Between China's Urban and Rural Populations and the Improvement Path

运用调查数据分析了经济转型期我国人口健康水平的城乡分布变化情况。结果表明:城乡居民健康水平分布不平等,在城乡之间以及城乡不同的社会经济区域内,人均期望寿命、婴幼儿死亡率、儿童和青少年身体质量指数、两周患病率、慢性病患病率等主要人口健康指标均存在明显差异。应通过转变经济增长方式、缩小收入差距、完善医疗卫生保障制度、注重大众健康教育等途径来缩小健康不平等,提高整体人口健康水平。

Using the survey data by the National Bureau of Statistics and the Ministry of Health, this paper analyzes disparities in health between urban - rural populations and its changes at China＇ s economic transitional stage. The research findings are： there exists inequality in population health. Between urban and rural, and within different economic regions, there are obvious disparities in health in terms of such key indicators as average life expediency, infant mortality rate, the body mass index for children and adolescents, two - week morbidity rate, chronic diseases morbidity rate. To reduce health inequalities, the feasible path is： changing the mode of economic growth, narrowing the income gap, perfecting health insurance and health care systems, paying attention to public health education.