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误诊为肺结核的显微镜下多血管炎病例报告

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摘要 目的探讨显微镜下多血管炎(microscopic polyangiitis,MPA)的临床特点及诊断要点,减少误诊。方法回顾性分析1例误诊为肺结核的MPA临床资料,并复习相关文献。结果患者表现为发热、咳嗽、少痰伴胸痛,少许肺部啰音。胸部X线片示:两肺较多片絮状、条索状高密度浸润影,多次痰涂片未见抗酸杆菌。先后在两家医院诊断为Ⅲ型肺结核。足疗程抗结核治疗,病情进展,渐出现呼吸衰竭、肾损害。后在某三甲综合医院经皮肺活检病理检查及测定血清核周型抗中性粒细胞胞浆抗体(ANCA)阳性,确诊MPA,糖皮质激素冲击治疗后病情缓解。结论 MPA以呼吸道损害首发并感染时,易误诊为肺结核。临床上对痰菌涂片阴性肺结核患者抗结核治疗效果不佳并出现多系统损害时,应警惕MPA可能,及时行ANCA及肺穿刺活检病理检查助诊。
作者 李建明
出处 《临床误诊误治》 2014年第1期54-56,共3页 Clinical Misdiagnosis & Mistherapy
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