基于GIS的山西省玉米热量资源精细区划

GIS-based Precision Zoning of Heat Resources for Maize in Shanxi

山西省复杂多变的地形客观上要求开展玉米气候资源的精细区划.以省、市/县、镇三级行政区划图、DEM图和30a历史气象资料为基础,结合玉米对热量资源的要求,采用GIS及其空间分析工具开展山西省玉米热量资源精细区划.结果显示,玉米安全播种期随纬度和海拔的升高而推迟,安全成熟期、安全生育期和10℃始日至15℃终日的积温均随经度、纬度和海拔的升高而提前;安全播种期、安全成熟期和安全生育期均具有明显的空间自相关性,各种热量因子的空间变异性依次为：10～15℃积温＞安全生育期＞安全播种期＞安全成熟期,全省气候变暖趋势明显.热量气象要素的精细区划结果对于山西省玉米的科研和生产具有重要的应用价值.

The diverse and complex physical geography of Shanxi Province needs precision zoning of climate resources for maize （Zea mays L.）.Based on maize requirements for heat resources,geography information systems （GIS） and its spatial analysis tools were used to integrated maps of digital elevation models （DEM）.Safe seeding dates delayed linearly with latitude and altitude,and all of safe maturity dates,safe growing season duration and accumulated temperature from first 10 ℃ day to last 15 ℃ day（AT10-15） linearly shift earlier with longitude,latitude and altitude.There were obvious spatial auto-correlation in all of safe seeding dates,safe maturity dates and safe season growing duration,while their spatial variation ranked as：AT10-15 ＞ safe season duration ＞ safe seeding dates ＞ safe maturity dates.There was a significant warming trend during the last 30 years over the whole province.GIS-based precision zoning of heat resources for maize in Shanxi Province will promote steadily local maize research and production.