长木蜂筑巢对孝顺竹竹皮厚度和竹节直径的选择

Nesting preference of Xylocopa tranquebarorum to thickness of bamboo cortex and diameter of bamboo gnarl of Bambusa multiplex

长木蜂（Xylocopatranquebarorum）隶属木蜂属（Xylocopa）双月木蜂亚属（Biluna），主要在枯死的竹子上筑巢。笔者采用游标卡尺对长木蜂巢在孝顺竹（Bambusamultiplex）上的巢口形状、大小、巢口处竹皮的厚度和竹节直径进行测量，结果表明：长木蜂的巢口呈椭圆形，长度为5～11．5mm，平均（6．5±0．63）mm，巢口宽度5～9．5mm，平均（6．8±0．52）mm，其中巢口的长度和宽度以6．50mm和6．99mm最多，分别占43．70％和42．33％。长木蜂巢口所在竹节的直径平均（19．43±2．33）mm。其中，有59．01％的雌蜂选择在直径17～21mm的孝顺竹上筑巢；巢口处竹皮厚度平均（3．1±0．74）mm，其中69．16％雌蜂选择竹皮厚度2．5～3．5mm的孝顺竹筑巢。不同竹节上的巢室大小、巢口处竹子直径和竹皮厚度均有差异。

Xylocopa tranquebarorum belongs to the tribe Xylocopa within the subgenus Biluna （Hymenoptera： Apidae）, usually nests in the dead bamboo. In this paper nest entrance size of X. trannquebarorum, thickness of bamboo cortex and the diameter of bamboo gnarl of Bambusa multiplex were measured with vernier caliper. The results showed that nest entrance of X. trannquebarorum were elliptical-shaped, 5-11.5 mm length （ mean and SD： 6.5±0.63 ram, n = 1975） and 5-9.5 mm width （mean and SD： 6.8±0.52 ram, n = 1975）. Among them, the highest selection rate was 6.50 mm in length and 6. 99 mm in width, accounting for 43.70% and 42. 33% of total nest entrances, respectively. The diameter and thickness of nest entrance of X. trannquebarorum were about 19.43 （ ±2.33） mm and 3.1 （±0.74） ram, respectively. Among them, the favorite bamboo diameter and thickness of bamboo cortex were 17-21 mm （59.01%） and 2.5-3.5 mm （69. 16% ） in Bambusa multiplex. Significant variation was found in its nest entrance size, thickness of bamboo cortex and the diameter of bamboo gnarl of the Bambusa multiplex eulm.