高层建筑突发灾害下电梯疏散模拟研究

Simulation study on elevator evacuation in high-rise building during emergencies

在论证电梯作为高层建筑疏散设备可行性的基础上,探讨利用pathfinder对高层建筑进行人员疏散模拟。通过制定不同疏散方案,研究使用电梯前后的疏散时间和出口人流量,合理分配楼梯和电梯的承载人数,提出最优的疏散方案。结果表明:在高层建筑中,人员疏散最大的瓶颈是楼梯;利用楼梯结合电梯的疏散方式能够减少楼梯的拥堵,有效缩短疏散时间,大幅度提高疏散效率。

Based on sufficient demonstrations on the feasibility of using elevator as the evacuation tool, Pathfinder was used to stimulate the evacuation in high-rise buildings. This research compared the time cost of evacuation as well as the amount of people evacuated under conditions with and without elevators in different projects. This article further discussed the rational al location of stairs, proposed the optimized evacuation project. The results show that the biggest bottleneck of high rise building evacuation is the stair, and yet when stairs and eleva tors are both used in the evacuation, the time cost of evacua- tions, together with the congestion, on stairs can be reduced, and the efficiency of evacuation can be greatly improved.