戈壁荒漠区膜下滴灌对酿酒葡萄生理特性的影响

The physiological characteristic impacts of drip irrigation under film mulch to wine grape in Gobi Desert Region

为了探讨西北戈壁荒漠区膜下滴灌对酿酒葡萄生理特性的影响,在甘肃河西走廊戈壁荒漠区进行了田间试验,研究膜下滴灌和常规滴灌处理模式下酿酒葡萄赤霞珠光合特性、叶绿素含量以及产量和灌溉用水效率的变化。结果表明,不同滴灌处理条件下的净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(E)日变化随时间的推移呈下降趋势,气孔导度(Gs)日变化呈"凹"型,膜下滴灌处理的光合能力强于常规滴灌处理;叶绿素含量月均值膜下滴灌高于常规滴灌处理,且覆膜与常规滴灌处理间差异水平为显著;经济产量各要素中覆膜的产量高于常规滴灌处理,膜下滴灌T1(240mm)的水分利用效率最高,实现了产量和水分利用效率的同步提高。

A field experiment was conducted in arid desert region of Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province, in order to explore the physiological characteristic impacts of drip irrigation under film mulch to wine grape in northwest Gobi Desert Region. The photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll content, yield as well as the water use efficiency of wine grape were studied under the treatment model of drip irrigation under film mulch and common drip irrigation. The results indicated that under the conditions of different drip irrigation treatments, the daily variation of net photosynthetic rate （Pn） and transpiration rate （Pn） with time has showed a downward trend; the diurnal variation of stomatal conductance（Gs） has shown a concavity; the photosynthetic capacity and the mean monthly chlorophyll content of drip irrigation under film mulch were both higher than the common drip irrigation, also the different level between film mulch and common drip irrigation was remarkable. Similarlyfor each factor of economic yield, also showed the same regular, the highest water use efficiency was the treatment of T1 with 240 mm to realize the synchronous increase of yield and water use efficiency.