我国农田水利运营效率的实证研究——基于2003～2010年省际面板数据的DEA—TOBIT两阶段法

The Empirical Research of China＇s Operational Efficiency of Irrigation and Water Conservancy —— Based on 2003-2010 Inter-provincial Panel Data with Two-stage Method of DEA-TOBIT

依据2003～2010年中15131个省份的面板数据，利用DEA-TOBIT两阶段法，实证分析我国农田水利运营效率及其影响因素。目前，我国农田水利运营效率低下，区域性差距明显，其中东部地区运营效率最高，中部地区次之，西部地区最低。中部地区农田水利运营效率低下的原因主要是纯技术效率不足，西部地区则主要源自规模效率低下。农田水利运营效率低下的根源在于其自身的“准公共产品”性质，“以补代资”是提高其运营效率的有效途径。

On the basis of China＇s provincial panel data, we empirically analyze the operational efficiency and influencing factors of irrigation and water conservancy of rural areas with the two-stage method of DEA-TOBIT. Currently China＇s operational efficiency of irrigation and water conservancy of rural areas is low, as well as the significant regional gap, of which the eastern region is the high- est and the western is the lowest. The low operational efficiency of central region of rural areas＇ irrigation and water conservancy mainly due to the lack of pure technical efficiency, but the scale of inefficiency to the western region. The root cause of the inefficien- cy of vast rural areas＇ irrigation and water conservancy comes from this infrastructure＇s quasi-public nature itself. Replace the fund- ing to subsidizing is an effective way to solve these problems.