试论弗洛伊德的文艺思想

Research on the Literature Thoughts of Freud

弗洛伊德是精神分析心理学的创始人,他首次明确将现代心理学与文艺学相结合,把精神分析学应用于文学研究之中,拓宽并加深了文艺学的研究领域。其文论观点主要围绕作家创作的原始动机、文艺的起源和本质等问题展开,由此提出了俄狄浦斯情结、文艺是力比多的升华、作品是经作家改造的白日梦等著名论断。弗洛伊德的理论虽然具有一定的片面性,但他开拓了文学研究的崭新视域,对后世的文学创作和文艺批评都形成了广泛而深远的影响。

Freud was the founder of the psychoanalysis. He combined the modern psychology with the literature and art theory for the first time, and applied the method of psychoanalysis in the literary studies, so the research fields of literary theory have been broaden and deepen. His study of literature was mainly about the original motivation of writers, and the origins and nature of literary, therefore, he put forward some famous arguments such as.. the Oedipus complex, art is the sublimation of libido, and the work of writers is essentially their daydream. Although Freuds theory had its own one--sidedness, he opened up a new view for literary studies, thus formed a broad and far--reaching impact on the later literature and literary criticism.