深水沉积研究综述及未来方向

Research review and future direction of deep-water sedimentation

深水沉积自上世纪50年代开始为人们所关注。深水沉积理论在争论中发展,并取得了一定的成就。由于对深水沉积研究相对较少,因此对深水沉积作用认识十分有限。回顾深水沉积的研究历程、概览其研究现状,对于总结存在问题、展望发展方向具有深远的意义。通过大量调研国内外深水沉积研究实例,概述了它们的研究进展,详细阐述了基于浊流沉积理论而建立的海底扇模式,等深流沉积的垂向层序,内潮汐沉积的特征及形成机理。同时,文中指出当前深水沉积研究存在的若干问题:深水重力流沉积研究尚存在诸多争论,深水牵引流沉积的识别仍存在困难。深水沉积物成因复杂,未来的深水沉积研究应注重多学科交叉发展,建立深水牵引流和深水重力流两种搬运机制共同作用的深水沉积模式,提高深水沉积物的可预测性,进而指导深水油气勘探。

Deep-water sedimentation has been concerned since 1950＇ s. During the past 50 years, deep- water sedimentary theory has been developed in the debate. However, our knowledge is still limited because of the relative lack of deep-water sedimentation research. Under these circumstances,it is necessary for us to do a series work for it：the research history, overview of deep-water sedimentation,to sum up the existing problems, the research prospect. In this paper, we discuss the current research situation and the existing problems of deep-water sedimentation through a large number of domestic and abroad study examples. Finally, we discuss the future research direction of deep-water sedimentation. In this paper, we summarize the current research progress, and expatiate the submarine fan pattern which is based On Tur- bidity current deposits theory, the vertical sequence of contour current deposits, sedimentary character and formation mechanism of inner tidal deposits in detail. At the same time, points out several problems existing in the current deep-water sedimentary study, deep-water gravity flow deposits research still has many arguments, the identification of deep-water traction current deposits remain difficult. The formation of deep-water deposits is complex. Therefore, the future research of deep-water sedimentation should at- tach importance to multi-disciplinary intersecting, establish a deep-water sedimentation pattern considering both deep-water gravity current and deep-water traction current,improve the predictability of deep- water deposits and provide scientific guidance for deep-water oil-gas exploration.