铀矿山尾矿库区典型场地中铀的分布特征

Distribution characteristics of uranium in typical sites of tailings pond in uranium mine

选取相山铀尾矿库区典型场地为研究对象,研究了稻田土壤中铀的分布特征。研究结果表明,表层稻田土壤中的铀含量高于中国土壤环境背景值中所规定的铀含量,随着深度的增加铀含量逐渐降低;铀含量在表层至20cm处下降速度最快,说明铀元素易于富集在土壤表层;在采用全国土壤环境背景值条件下,稻田土壤表层铀含量单因子污染指数均大于1,可见稻田土壤表层达到了轻微污染的程度。因此,对铀矿床及尾矿库周边稻田土壤中放射性核素铀的分布特征研究具有重要的实际意义。

In this paper, a typical field downstream of Xiangshan uranium tailings pond is selected to study the distribution of uranium in the soil of paddy. The results indicates that uranium content in top layer of the soil is higher than that in the provisions of the soil environmental background values in China, and gradually decreases with the depth increasing. Furthermore, uranium content decreases rapidly in the top 20 cm depth, which suggests that uranium is prone to concentrate in surface layer of soil. By applying national soil environment background values, the single factor pollution index of uranium content in surface layer of the soil is over 1, which means the slight pollution. Therefore, it is important to investigate the distribution features of uranium in the soil of paddy around ura- nium mine and tailings pond.