退休政策调整的国际经验和历史借鉴——基于提前或延迟退休的视角

International Experience and Enlightenment to the Adjustment of China's Retirement Policy

发达国家从激励提前退休到倡导延迟退休的政策和观念转变有着深刻的人口、经济与社会转变背景,其政策内容也涉及养老制度修订、劳动政策重塑、社会氛围转变等多层次、全方位的系统调整。中国形式上提前退休现象普遍,但实质是退而不休的问题。借鉴发达国家经验,我国退休政策调整应该以"人"为出发点和落脚点,以弹性退休体系为方向,针对提前退休群体完善退休金扣减机制,针对退而不休引入退休后劳动收入的检查机制。

The shift from the stimulative policy for earlier-than-required retirement to that for de- layed retirement in the developed countries has deep-rooted population, economic and social causes, which includes a multi-level and comprehensive adjustment of the pension system, labor policies and social environment. It seems that earlier-than-required retirement is quite popular in China but in fact some retired people are not really retired. The experience of the developed countries has much signifi- cance to China＇s retirement policy which should be humanistic in nature, flexible in the policy imple- mentation and strict in the pension system for different kinds nf rotirod crrn