当代女性健身观念与行为的影响因素和特点——以北京地区为例

The Influencing Factors and Characteristics of the Contemporary Women's Health Idea and Behavior ——Taking Beijing Area as an Example

通过文献资料、访谈、调查问卷等方法,以北京地区为例对当代女性健身观念与行为进行讨论与分析。从被调查者年龄结构、受教育程度和职业分布能够比较全面反映出当代女性健身观念和行为的现状。研究显示:当今,女性健身目的明确且理性,大部分女性认为体育健身应是生活的一部分,并认为对体育健身的参与度反映出女性的社会地位及参与体育健身是现代女性的标志之一。当代女性特别是知识女性对体育健身与人的身心健康的关系认知程度都比较高,认为体育健身是改变身心健康的有效途径,特别是年轻的女性参与体育锻炼更多的是源于对自身身心健康的关注。但是,从参与体育健身的人数和每周健身的频度,反映出当代女性健身观念和健身行为的不一致性。在现实当中,由于女性角色传统与现代的冲突,在参与健身时存在着女性与男性实际上的不平等。

Through literature material, interview, questionnaire and other methods, taking Beijing area as an example, this article discussed and analyzed the concepts and behavior of contemporary female. The status quo of the contemporary female fitness concept and behavior can be more fully reflected from the respondents＇ age structure, level of education, and occupation distribution. Research shows that ： nowadays, the fitness purpose of women is dear and rational. Most women think that physical exercise should be a part of life, that the participation of sports fitness reflects women＇s social status and that to participate in sports fitness is a mark of modem women. The degree of awareness of the relationship between human＇s physical and mental health is relatively high among contemporary women, especially intellectual women. They believe that physical fitness is an effective way to change the physical and mental health, especially what let the young women participate in physical exercise more stems from the attention to their physical and mental health. However, the number of physical exercise and frequency of weekly exercise reflect the inconsistencies of fitness concepts and fitness behavior among the contemporary female. In reality, due to traditional and modem conflict of the female characters, there really exists the inequality between women and men when they participate in the excise.