可溶性膳食纤维抗高脂血症研究进展

Progress in anti-hyperlipidemia of soluble dietary fiber

可溶性膳食纤维是能溶解于水,也能吸水膨胀,并能被大肠中微生物降解的纤维。可溶性膳食纤维生理功能包括:排泄体内毒素、降血脂、降血糖等,在心血管疾病、糖尿病、癌症等防治中起重要作用,特别是可溶性膳食纤维降血脂方面取得了一些突破性进展。流行病学研究表明:可溶性膳食纤维如燕麦β–葡聚糖具有降低胆固醇的作用;利用动物实验,发现复合膳食纤维对高胆固醇血症小鼠有明显降脂作用等;人群干预研究发现在膳食中可溶性纤维和大豆蛋白可降低血清胆固醇和血清甘油三酯作用等。近年来研究发现,可溶性膳食纤维能够调控血脂和胆固醇相关的基因表达。该文总结了近年来可溶性膳食纤维降血脂及其分子机制等方面研究新进展。

Soluble dietary fiber can dissolve in water and swelling,and it can be degraded in the large intestine of fiber. The physiological functions of soluble dietary fiber including：excreting toxins from the body,reducing blood fat,lowering blood glucose and so on. It may play an important role in preventing diabetes,cardiovascular disease and cancer. Especially,reducing blood lipid by soluble dietary fiber has made some breakthroughs. Epidemiological studies have shown that soluble dietary fiber such as oat beta glucan has a cholesterol-lowering effect. Animal experiments found that dietary fiber composites have obvious lipid-lowering effect in the hypercholesterolemia mice. Intervention study in population found that soluble dietary fiber and soy protein can reduce cholesterol and triglyceride in serum etc. In recent years,some studies found that soluble dietary fiber can regulate lipid and cholesterol-related gene expressions. This paper summarizes the recent progress of soluble dietary fiber in the field of anti-hypolipidemia and the possible molecular mechanisms are involved in.