官治与自治:清代长沙城市管理探析

Government Management and Autonomous Management: Exploration on Changsha City Management in the Qing Dynasty

清代的长沙,经济繁荣,人口众多,城市的发展也必然要求进一步加强对城市的管理。一方面,省、府、县等封建衙门加强了对城市的管理;另一方面,行会、慈善组织等民间组织大量出现,它们也承担了一定的城市管理职能。应该说,从城市经济、治安和公益事业管理的角度可以窥见,清代长沙城市具有官治与自治的双重管理机制的特点。

Changsha was prosperous and of large population in the Qing Dynasty. The development of city inevitably required city man- agement to be improved. On one hand, provinces, cities, counties and other feudal governments enhanced the city management ; on the other hand, non - governmental organizations like associations and charity organizations emerged in a great number, which also under- took certain responsibilities of city management. The paper analyzes Changsha city management in the Qing Dynasty from the aspects of city economy, public security and public welfare undertakings management. On this basis, it summarizes the characteristics of double management mechanism of Changsha city management in the Qing Dynasty.