论证据交换制度中的证据知悉权

On Evidence Right to Know in the Evidence Exchanging System

证据交换制度是我国民事诉讼审前准备阶段实施的一项重要制度。该制度对于实现公平与效率的诉讼目的具有重要意义。然而,新修订的《民事诉讼法》对该制度的规定不尽合理,对当事人的证据知悉权未予充分保护:一是体现在该法第六十五条规定的当事人逾期提交证据的法律后果不清晰、不合理;二是该法第一百三十九条规定允许当事人提交新证据,但对新证据定义不清晰。因此,我国应进一步强化证据失权,设定提交新证据的门槛,赋予超期举证一方证明是新证据的义务,并在法律中对新证据的类型予以明确界定以充分保护当事人的证据知悉权。

The evidence exchanging system is an important system of civil litigation in our country. The system is very important to re- alize the fairness and efficiency of the litigation purpose. However, the newly revised Civil Procedure Law is not rational on the regula- tion of this system. The protection of the rights of the parties are not enough ： firstly, legal consequences prescribed in article 65 when the parties submit the evidence after the term of adducing evidence are not clear or reasonable; secondly, although article 139 of the law allows the parties to submit new evidence, the definition of new evidence is not clear. Therefore, our country should strengthen the evidence disqualification, set the threshold for the submission of new evidence, oblige the party submitting evidence after the term of adducing evidence to prove that the evidence is a new, and clarify the definition of new evidence type in the law so as to fully protect the evidence right to know of the litigants.