早产儿宫外生长研究进展

Progresses of extrauterine growth in premature children

近年来,随着新生儿重症监护病房的建立和营养支持的发展,极低出生体重儿的生存率明显上升.随着越来越多的早产儿和低体重儿被抢救存活,围产医学的关注焦点逐渐由新生儿护理技术方面扩大至早产儿出生后的生长发育随访情况以及相关影响因素的研究.记录并研究早产儿出生后包括身高、体重、头围、体重指数的生长发育情况,可以更清楚地评价早产儿在出生后通过有效的营养支持和医疗决策对其健康发育和生活质量是否产生影响.该文就目前国内外对早产儿和低出生体重儿的各个成长阶段的生长发育的随访情况、追赶性生长以及远期发育的影响作一综述.

In recent years, with the establishment of neonatal intensive care unit and the development of nutritional support,tlie survival rate of very low birth weight infants has increased significantly. As more and more premature infants and low birth weight infants have been rescued alive,more attention has been paid to the follow-up growth of preterm children as well as the related impact factors in prenatal medicine. The most effec- tive way to evaluate the effects of the nutritional support and medical decision has made on the premature in- fants, the postnatal Physical development of preterm infants after birth, including height, weight, head circumfer- ence and IBM, should be recorded and studied. This article reviews the current studies of follow-up of preterm infants at various growths stages, as well as the catch-up growth and long-term development.