早期胚胎发育与细胞凋亡

Early Embryonic Development and Cell Apoptosis

胚胎的发育过程是由众多基因精密调控的。在早期胚胎发育过程中,胚胎存在凋亡信号。植入前的胚胎已经存在凋亡现象,形态正常的胚胎也存在凋亡信号,而细胞凋亡的发生则是抗凋亡基因与促凋亡基因表达异常的直接结果。因此,研究早期胚胎发育过程中凋亡基因的表达变化,对于解释早期胚胎发育受阻机制显得尤为重要,对于提高辅助生殖技术的妊娠率有非常重要的意义。对凋亡相关因子BCL-2家族成员、抗凋亡因子热休克蛋白和生长因子进行了综述。

The embryonic development is exactly regulated by many genes. Apoptotic signals exist in the early embryonic development. Apoptosis is prevalent in the pre-implantation embryos,even in the embryo with normal morphology. In fact, apoptosis is the direct result of abnormal expressions of both anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic genes. It is very important to study the expressions of apoptotic genes in the early embryonic development for us to find the mechanism of the early blocked development of embryo. And it is significant for us to improve the ART outcomes. Those apoptotic genes and factors were also discussed in this review, including BCL family ,heat shock proteins ,and growth factors.