双色荧光原位杂交法检测乳腺癌及临床应用评价

ESTABLISH BICOLOR FLUORESCENCE IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION TO DETECT BREAST CARCINOMA THEN EVALUATING ITS VALUE OF CLINICAL APPLICATION

目的建立双色全细胞荧光原位杂交法（FISH）检测乳腺癌，并评价其检测乳腺癌的临床应用价值。方法针对乳腺癌的常见易感基因Her-2，用不同的荧光素进行标记，建立FISH法，并对我院160例乳腺癌石蜡组织进行检测。结果建立的FISH法检测结果稳定，在160例乳腺癌组织中FISH检出62例阳性，阳性率为38．8％（62／160），且随着肿瘤越大，淋巴结转移数目越多，病理级别越高，阳性检出率也越高；FISH检测阳性率在肿瘤大小组（pT0和pT1～pT4）、病理级别组（G1和G2～Gx）和区域淋巴结组（pNo和pN1-3～pNx）之间不存在差异，各组间P值均大于0．05，但在组织类型组间（导管型和小叶型）却存在显著性差异（X2=14．6，〈0．01）。结论FISH法检测乳腺癌HER一2基因的阳性率，只与乳腺癌的组织类型有关，而与肿瘤的大小、淋巴结转移的数目以及病理级别无关，且该法操作简单，结果快速且稳定，宜在临床工作中开展。

Objective To establish Bicolor fluorescent in situ hybridization （FISH） method to detect breast carcinoma, then evaluating the value of clinical application. Methods Using different fluoresceins labelled HER - 2 gene to establish FISH, 160 formalin- fixed paraffin- embedded（FFPE） breast carcinoma tissues were detected by this method. Results The result of this method established in our research was stable. 160 FFPE breast carcinoma tissues were successfully detected, the positive rate of FISH was 38.8% （62/160）, the higher positive rate were in bigger tumour size, more lymph node status and higher histological grade. There were no difference between tumour size group（pT0 and pT, - pT4） ,histological grade group（G1 and G2 - Gx） and lymph node status group （pNO and pN1 -3 ~ pNx） ,but there were significantly difference in histological type group（ Z2 = 14.6 ,p 〈0. 01 ）. Conclusion Fluorescent in situ hybridization were high specificity and sensitivity in detecting HER -2 gene in breast carcino- ma. This method should be carried out in clinical laboratory.