维持性血液透析患者护理风险分析及护理管理对策

Analysis of nursing risk on maintenance hemodialysis patients and the corresponding countermea-sures

目的探讨维持性血液透析患者存在的护理风险及原因，寻找护理管理对策。方法调取四川省人民医院血液净化中心2009年至2011年每月的护理质量与安全分析总结，对发生过的各类不良事件和已杜绝的未发生的不良事件，进行护理风险因素分类后，分析发生原因、过程，完善处理流程及护理管理对策，成立风险管理小组。结果加强护理风险管理，归纳总结护理对策，完善规范护理培训后，患者满意度、护士专科护理技能得到了显著提高，血透患者护理风险发生率降低，各项指标间比较差异均有统计学意义。结论建立完善的风险管理机制，培养护理人员较高的风险意识，注重细节管理，不断持续护理质量改进能够提高护士专科护理技能及患者满意度，减少护理风险的发生。

Objective To explore the nursing risks on hemodialysis patients, and seek nursing countermeasures. Methods The quality and safety summaries from blood purification center of Sichuan Provincial People＇s Hospital （2009 to 2011, monthly） were studied. Nursing risk factors were firstly classified on the basis of adverse events which had occurred or had been avoided because of pre- ventive measures. And then, a nursing risk management team was founded, and the main role of which was to analyze the cause and process of nursing risks, improve the process management and enhance nursing measures. Results Nursing skills and patients＂ satisfaction were obviously improved through strengthening the nursing risk management and training program. There were statistically significant differ- ences between the indicators. Conclusions h can improve nursing skills and patients＇ satisfaction degree and reduce the occurrence of nursing risk by establishing risk management mechanism, culturing nursing stuffs risk awareness, paying more attention to detail management and continuous quality improvement.