汕头市某综合性医院0～4岁婴幼儿意外伤害原因分析

Analysis of injuries in children aged 0-4 years admitted to the emergency department of a Shantou hospital

目的：分析汕头大学医学院第二附属医院意外伤害急诊就诊0～4岁婴幼儿意外伤害发生的原因及年龄特征，为开展低龄幼儿伤害预防干预提供参考依据。方法调查2008年1月至2012年12月期间汕头大学医学院第二附属医院意外伤害急诊就诊患儿的流行病学特征、意外伤害类型，探讨分析0～4岁年龄段儿童在较小年龄区间的伤害机制的差异。结果在该研究群体中，顺位前5位意外伤害原因依次为跑跳中跌倒或坠落（20．6％）、从活动器材中跌倒或坠落（15．8％）、交通事故（15．5％）、从床或其他家具上跌倒或坠落（14．3％）及烧烫伤（11．7％）。在这5个致伤因素中，男女比例差异无统计学意义。1岁以下的婴儿期的主要意外伤害来自从怀抱者或牵拉者中跌倒或坠落。随着年龄增长，坠落或跌倒主要发生在跑跳中或游戏的活动器材中。结论由于跑跳中跌倒/坠落是0～4岁婴幼儿首位伤害因素，因此应列为预防重点。

Objective To investigate the leading causes of injury in children aged 0-4 years .Methods 0-4 years old patients from January 2008 to December 2012 ,who admitted to Emergency Department of Second Affili-ated Hospital ,Shantou University Medical College ,were enrolled in this study .The causes of injury were ana-lyzed by single year using injury sub-mechanisms .Results The commonest five reasons of unintentional injuries in children aged 0-4 years were fall from tripping or stumbling （20 .6% ） ,fall involving playground equipment （15 . 8% ） ,traffic accident （15 .5% ） ,fall involving bed or other furniture （14 .3% ） ,and burn （11 .7% ） ,respectively . No sex difference was found in this study （ P〉0 .05） .The leading cause of injury for children aged 〈1 was falls while being carried ,while ,falls involving playground equipment ranked first for children aged 3-4 years .Conclu-sion Fall from tripping or stumbling was the leading cause of unintentional injury in children aged 0-4 years , which need prevention strategy .