山东地区青少年月经初潮与生长发育的变化

Investigation on the menarche and development of adolescents in Shandong

目的：了解山东地区近20年来汉族女青少年月经初潮情况及生长发育的变化趋势。方法：对山东省5个市区（其中青岛和烟台为沿海地区；淄博、莱芜和高密为内陆地区）健康汉族女青少年2858人进行回顾性问卷调查研究，计算月经初潮时间。同时，测量其身高、体质量、胸围3个生长发育指标并将沿海地区和内陆地区进行比较。结果：月经初潮时间较以往文献报道结果有提前的趋势，且沿海比内陆地区提前0．61岁。沿海和内陆地区月经来潮女性的身高、体质量和胸围差别存在统计学意义。结论：山东地区青少年的生长发育有明显提前的趋势，为进一步提高女性青春期教育和卫生保健提供了理论依据。

Objective： To assess the changing tendency of the menarche and development of adoleScents in Shandong over the past 20 years. Methods： 2 858 healthy Han adolescents in the five cities of Shandong province （Qingdao and Yantai were coastal areas and Zibo, Laiwu and Gaomi were inland areas） were given a retrospective survey, which could show the age at menarche. At the same time, we measured their height, body weight and chest circumference accurately and gave comparative research between coastal areas and inland areas. Results~ The age at menarche in Shandong province was obviously earlier than that in other previous literature. And the age at menarche in coastal areas was earlier than tha（in inland areas, in which the age was ahead of 0.61. The obvious difference of height, body weight and chest circumference exists between coastal and inland areas. Conclusion ： The development of adolescents in Shandong has obviously accelerated, which provides a theoretical basis for the further advancement of female puberty education and health care.