兔胰头癌动物模型的建立

Establishment of pancreatic head cancer model in rabbits

目的:建立稳定可靠的兔胰头癌动物模型,选择最佳的模型制作方法。方法:48只兔采用随机区组方法分为两组,每组24只,分别采用瘤块悬液法、瘤块植入法将肿瘤细胞注射至胰头内制作兔胰腺癌动物模型,计量数据比较采用双因素完全随机设计方差分析,分别于1、2、3和4周处死大白兔行移植组织解剖和病理学检查,观察2种不同建模方式的肿瘤生长情况及生物学形态。结果:建模过程中,2种方法成瘤率均为100%。瘤块植入法术后1周肿瘤体积为(0.90±0.13)cm3,离散系数为0.14;第2周肿瘤体积为(3.44±0.41)cm3,离散系数为0.12;第3周肿瘤体积为(7.53±0.69)cm3,离散系数为0.09;第4周肿瘤体积为(36.75±5.93)cm3,离散系数为0.16。瘤块悬液法术后1周肿瘤体积为(1.15±0.21)cm3,离散系数为0.18;第2周肿瘤体积为(4.94±1.64)cm3,离散系数为0.33;第3周肿瘤体积为(9.47±4.26)cm3,离散系数为0.45;第4周肿瘤体积为(46.31±16.77)cm3,离散系数为0.36。对术后肿瘤体积进行比较:1)瘤块植入法离散系数较小,生长相对稳定;2)生长时间对肿瘤生长体积具有显著影响,F=78.569 4,P=0.002 4;而生长时间与建模方法的交互作用对肿瘤生长体积无显著影响,P>0.05。术后第1周两组动物均未发现转移,瘤块植入法第2周未见种植性转移,第3周5只大白兔(83.33%)大网膜出现转移,瘤块悬液法第2周1只大白兔(16.67%)出现结肠、肓肠及腹壁种植转移,第3周4只大白兔(66.67%)出现结肠、盲肠及腹壁种植转移,2只大白兔(33.33%)出现大网膜转移。微观病理显示,瘤块与种植前瘤块病理形态基本一致,大部分瘤块悬液法HE染色下图像可见中间有较多坏死组织。瘤块植入法较瘤块悬液法肿瘤生长更为稳定。结论:成功建立了兔胰头癌动物模型,瘤块植入法是建立兔胰头癌动物模型的较佳方法。

OBJECTIVE：To establish a stable and reliable model of pancreatic head cancer in rabbits,and find out a optimal method of establishing model. MTHODS： Forty-eight rabbits were divided into 2 groups randomly with 24 in each. With injection of tumor tissue mass suspension and implantation of tumor tissue, tumor cells were injected respectively in- to the rabbits of the 2 groups. Analysis of two-factor randomized design variance was used for data measurement. The rab- bits were sacrificed at the l st,the 2nd, the 3rd and the 4th week for anatomy and pathological examination of the trans- planted tumors. Two established models were employed to observe the tumor growth and the biological features. RE- SULTS： Models were established successfully by injection of tumor tissue mass suspension and implantation of tumor tis- sue. Postoperative tumor volume of the two groups was detected respectively. Tumor volume in implantation of tumor tissue group were （0.90±0. 13） cm3 ,（3.44±0.41） cm3 ,（7.53±0.69） cm3 ,（36.75±5.93） cm3 at the lst,the 2nd,the 3rd and the 4th week after operation respectively, and dispersion coefficient were 0. 14,0.12,0.09,0.16;and tumor volume in tumor tissue mass suspension group were （1. 15 ± 0. 21） cm3 , （4. 94 ± 1. 64） cm3 , （9. 47 ± 4.26） cm3, （46.31±16.77） cm3 ,and dispersion coefficient were 0. 18,0.33,0.45,0. 36. The postoperative tumor volume of the two groups was compared, and the results examined by Two-factor analysis of variance were as follows：Dispersion coefficient in the implantation of tumor tissue group was small which indicates that the tumor growth was relatively stable. The growth time of F value was 78. 569 4,the P value was 0. 002 4,which indicated that the growth time had significant effect on the growth of tumor volume. The interaction growth time and methods of establishing model on the growth of tumor volume did not have a significant impact,because the P values were 0. 215 1 and 0. 298 1. There was no metastasis found in both groups at 1st week after operation. There was no metastasis found at 2nd week, and omentum metastasis was found in 5 rabbits （83.33%） at the 3rd week in implantation of the tumor tissue group. In injection of tumor tissue mass suspension group,1 rabbit （16.67%） in the 2nd week and 4 rabbits （66.67%） in the 3rd week were found metastasis in colon, cecum,and abdominal wall,and 2 rabbits （33.33%） were found metastasis in omentum at the 3rd week. Miroscopic pa- thology in tumor block showed the same results as primary tumor, and more necrotic tissues were found in most of the ani mals in injection of tumor tissue mass suspension group by the HE staining. Tumor tissues proliferated more stably by u sing the implantation of tumor tissue method. CONCLUSION： The model of cancer of pancreatic head in rabbits is estab- lished successfully in this study and the results showed that the implantation of tumor tissue is a better method.