中高纬环流因子与黑龙江省初夏气候异常分析

Circulation factors in middle and high latitudes and climate anomaly in early summer in Heilongjiang province

利用1954—2010年地面气温、降水观测资料和月环流特征量、NCEP高度场再分析资料等,采用常规气候统计方法,分析了黑龙江省初夏6月气温、降水的气候特点,通过初夏6月气温、降水与北半球500 hPa高度场相关分析,建立起与中高纬度环流因子关系。结果表明:黑龙江省初夏气候异常与中高纬度环流异常有关,影响初夏气候异常的中高纬度环流因子主要有亚洲纬向环流指数,阿留申低压指数,亚洲区极涡面积指数,鄂霍次克海的阻塞高压指数等。在此基础上分析大气及中高纬度环流因子的背景,考虑外强迫因子海温的间接作用,掌握中高纬度环流因子的变化,是准确预测黑龙江省初夏气候的关键前提。

Using the ground temperature and precipitation data, the monthly circulation eigenvalue, the NCEP rean- alysis data of height field and so on, the climatic characteristics of air temperature and precipitation in June in Hei- longjiang province were analyzed by a conventionally climatic statistic method. The correlations of air temperature and precipitation with geopotential height field at 500 hPa in the northern hemisphere were discussed, and their re- lationships with circulation factors in the middle and higher latitudes were established. The results show that the ab- normal climate in Heilongjiang province in the early summer is related to circulation anomaly in the middle and higher latitudes. The main impacting factors include latitudinal circulation index in Asia, Aleutian low index, polar vortex area index in Asia and Okhotsk blocking high index and so on. On the basis of the above analysis, the back- ground of atmosphere, the indirect action of sea temperature as an outside forcing factor, the background and varia- tion of circulation factors in the middle and higher latitudes are considered, which are the essential premise predic- ting the climate in the early summer in Heilongjiang province.