db／db小鼠与糖尿病视网膜病变

db/db mouse and diabetic retinopathy

糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）是糖尿病常见的微血管并发症之一，发病率逐年上升，对DR的发病机制及干预措施的研究日益受到重视。DR的发病机制主要包括葡萄糖毒性产物的形成及其对细胞信号通路的影响，导致血管性病变和神经性病变。研究表明，DR的发生可能与多元醇通路的活跃、氧化应激的增加、糖基化终末产物（AGEs）的形成、蛋白激酶C通路以及血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）表达的增强等相关。db／db小鼠作为一种自发性2型糖尿病动物模型，其发病机制与人类常见的2型糖尿病极为相似，在DR的研究中得到越来越广泛的应用。本文对db／db小鼠在DR中的研究进展进行综述，为进一步阐明DR的发病机制及制定有效的防治措施提供线索和思路。

Diabetic retinopathy （DR） is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes, the incidence increased year by year, so the research of pathogenesis and interventions of DR is in the ascendant. The mechanism of DR mainly include glucose toxicity products and its effects on cell signaling pathways, leading to vascular disease and neuropathy. Research shows that, DR may occur with actived polyol pathway,increased, oxidative stress,the formation of advanced glycation end products （AGEs） , protein kinase C pathway and vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）expression. db / db mice as an animal model of spontaneous type 2 diabetes, which is very similar to human type 2 diabetes,is more widely used in studies of DR. This article reviews some progresses of db / db mouse in the DR,and provide clues to further elucidate the pathogenesis of DR and development effective preventive measures.