人巨细胞病毒逃避NK细胞免疫机制研究进展

Progress of research in immune mechanism of human cytomegalovirus evasion of natural killer cells

人巨细胞病毒(HCMV)属于疱疹病毒β亚家族,感染率高,分布广泛,原发感染后不易完全清除,导致长期的潜伏感染。自然杀伤(NK)细胞在抗病毒感染固有免疫中起到重要作用,HCMV长期潜伏期间采取一系列措施逃避NK细胞的杀伤,其免疫逃避机制十分复杂,如编码宿主基因同源物、微小RNA等。本文综述近年来对HCMV逃避NK细胞免疫机制的研究结果。

Human cytomegalovirus （HCMV） is a member of β-herpesvirus subfamily, with a high infection rate, world- wide spread. It can hardly be eliminated completely after primary infection, causing lifelong, persistent infections. NK cells play a vital role in the innate immunity. HCMV adopts a series of measures to avoid the NK cell killing. The immune evasion mecha- nism is very complicated, such as encoding host gene homologue, microRNA. This article review the mechanisms by which the HCMV evade the NK cell killing.