心智觉知训练联合规律运动对养老院老年人认知能力和生活质量的影响

The effects of mindfulness training combined with regular exercise on the cognitive functioning and quality of life of elderly nursing home residents

目的探讨心智觉知训练联合规律运动对养老院老年人认知能力和生活质量的影响。方法选择唐山市某养老院认知功能减退的老年人80例，按随机数字表法分为对照组（40例）和实验组（40例）。对照组进行规律运动，实验组在此基础上进行为期12周的心智觉知训练，每周进行2次，每次60min，连续训练12周。2组老年人均由经过专业培训的治疗师分别在治疗前和干预12周后（治疗后）进行认知功能、觉知水平、焦虑程度和生活质量评定。结果治疗后，实验组老年人LOTCA各项评分与组内治疗前和对照组治疗后比较，差异均有统计学意义（P〈0．05），且实验组治疗后的LOTCA总分、MAAS评分和SAS评分分别为（59．55±10．21）、（52．03±5．76）和（42．38±5．16）分，与组内治疗前以及对照组治疗后的（53．15±9．77）、（47．85±5．17）和（52．86±5．7）分比较，差异亦均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论心智觉知训练联合运动可显著改善老年人的认知功能和生活质量。

Objective To explore the effects of mindfulness training combined with regular exercise on quality of life and the cognitive functioning of elderly nursing home residents. Methods Eighty elderly persons with cognitive impairments in a Tangshan nursing home were divided into a control group （40 cases） and a treatment group （40 cases） using a random number table. The control group only took regular exercise; the treatment group also re- ceived mindfulness training twice a week, 60 min per time, for a total of 12 successive weeks. Cognitive functioning was evaluated with Loewenstein＇s occupational therapy cognitive assessment battery （LOTCA） ; quality of life was e- valuated with a 36 item questionnaire （SF-36） ; mindfulness was evaluated using the mindful attention awareness scale （MAAS） and mood with a self-rated anxiety scale （SAS）. The two groups were tested before treatment and af- ter 12 weeks of treatment. Results After treatment, the scores on each item of the LOTCA and the total LOTCA, MAAS and SAS scores had improved significantly more in the treatment group than in the control group（P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion Mindfulness training can supplement the effects of regular exercise in improving the quality of life and cognition of elderly nursing home residents.