声名“变”和“闰”新证

New Research on the Tones of “Bian” and “Run”

《宋史·乐志》摘录了蔡元定《燕乐》一书"七声高下"中的声名"变"和"闰",自王光祈《中国音乐史》(1934)解释其为"‘变’为‘清角’非‘变徴’,‘闰’为‘清羽’非‘变宫’"之后,历来争论不休。前不久,赵玉卿发表了《"燕乐音阶"申论》一文,文中对蔡元定《燕乐》书中提出的"声由阳来,阳生于子,终于午"又专门作了解释,认为此即《史记·律书》"生钟分"的"子一分,丑三分二,寅九分八,卯二十七分十六,辰八十一分六十四,巳二百四十三分一百二十八,午七百二十九分五百一十二……"之三分损益前七律,也就是"宫生徴、徴生商、商生羽、羽生角、角生变宫、变宫生变徴"的七声。故蔡元定所说的声名"变"和"闰"确实为"变徵"和"变宫"的简称。

The book Notes of Music, the History of Song excerpts the notes of ＂bian＂ and ＂run＂ of ＂different seven notes＂ in Cai Yuanding＇ s book Music of the Yan Kingdom. The argument has never stopped since Wang Guangqi in terpreted it as ＂bian is qingjiao instead of biahi, and run is qingyu instead of biangong＂ in his book History of Chi nese Music （1934）. Recently, Zhao Yuqing published the article a Study of the ＂Yanyue Scale＂, and specifically ex plained some arguments in Cai Yuanding＇ s book Music of the Yah Kingdom. Therefore, the notes of ＂bian＂ and ＂run＂ in Cai Yuanding＇ s book are indeed ＂bianzhi＂ and ＂biangong＂ for short.