中国部分板栗品种坚果表型及营养成分遗传变异分析

Genetic Variation of Nut Phenotype and Nutrient of Some of Chinese Chestnut Cultivars

以中国板栗主产区山东等10个省份97个板栗品种为材料,对其坚果表型性状及营养成分进行遗传变异分析。结果显示:(1)97个板栗品种间存在广泛的遗传变异,坚果表型性状及营养成分指标品种间差异均达到极显著水平;遗传变异系数均较大,最大达到0.378,遗传潜力较大;且所有性状重复力均在0.928及以上,受自身遗传因素控制较强。(2)坚果长度等表型性状间呈极显著正相关关系,淀粉含量等营养成分指标间为正相关关系,而表型性状与营养成分指标间表现为负相关关系,据此可将坚果表型性状、品质性状作为两个相互独立又有一定关联的综合因子。(3)进一步利用坚果表型和营养成分8个指标对97个板栗品种进行主成分分析,并结合多重比较结果,综合选出具有单个或多个性状优势的43个品种。研究认为,选出的43个板栗品种具有果粒较大,或营养价值较高,或二者特性兼有,初步选择为果型或品质优良的板栗品种资源材料。

AGenetic variation analysis for nut phenotype and nutrient was carried on using ninety-seven Chinese chestnut cultivars from ten province such as Shandong Province, et al. The results showed that： （1） There were extensive genetic variation among ninety-seven cultivars, and very significant differences between cultivars for nut phenotype and nutrient. Coefficients of genetic variation of traits were large, and the largest reached 0. 378, indicated that the genetic potential were large; and the repeatability of characters were above 0. 928,which showed that these were controlled by strong genetic factors. （2）There were significant positive correlation among phenotype characters,and also positive correlation among nutrient indexes,but there were negative correlation between the phenotype traits and nutrient indexes. Thus, phenotype and nutrient could be as two comprehensive factors which mutually independent and also has certain associations. （3）Forty-three cultivars were selected from ninety-seven cultivars through principal component analysis using eight indexes of nut lohenotvDe and nutrient.and ec）rnhinoct with the multiple comparison results. These cultivars have single or multiple advantages such as bigger nuts, or rich nutrient, or both,which can be chosen as excellent chestnut materials.