厚壳贻贝性腺不同发育时期肥满度与生化成分分析

Study on the meat condition index and biochemical compositions of Mytilus coruscus in different gonad development stages

为研究厚壳贻贝性腺发育不同时期的营养物质积累和消耗规律，本文分析测定了3个年龄组的厚壳贻贝在性腺发育5个时期的肥满度、含水量及生化成分。结果表明：（1）相同发育时期的肥满度和含水量组间差异不显著（P〉0．05），但在不同发育时期存在显著差异（P〈0．05）；成熟期的肥满度最高，为17．76％～19．21％，约为休止期最低时的3．15倍；含水量则正好相反，以休止期最高，为93．299／6～95．32％，约为成熟期最低时的1．15倍。（2）总糖、粗脂肪、粗蛋白和灰分在不同发育时期均有显著差异（P〈0．05），粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量在成熟期达到峰值，粗蛋白为72．01％，粗脂肪为13．52％，两者分别在休止期和增殖期最低；总糖含量在排放期最高为13．56％，灰分含量以休止期最高为7．59％，两者均以成熟期含量最低。（3）蛋白质的积累与消减正好与肥满度的变化相吻合，证实厚壳贻贝在性腺发育过程中吸收并贮存大量营养物质，使肥满度逐渐升高，随配子的排放肥满度急剧下降。

Abstract： In order to study the accumulation and consumption of nutrients of MytiIus coruscus in different gonad developmental stages, the values of meat condition index, water contents and biochemical compositions of M. coruscus in three age groups were determined from proliferation stage, growing stage, maturation stage, spawning stage to spent stage . The results show that （1） The changes of meat condition index and water contents are not significant （P〉0. 05）in same development stage, while the changes in different development stages are significant（P〈0.05）. The maximum values of meat condition index in three groups are 17. 76-19. 21% in maturation stage, but the values of meat condition index are the lowest in spent stage, and the values in maturation stage are 3.15 times as high as those in spent stage; The maximum values of water contents in three groups are 93. 29%-95. 32% in spent stage, while those are the lowest in maturation stage, and the values of water contents in spent stage are 1.15 times as high as those in maturation stage. （2） The changes of crude proteins, crude lipids, ash contents and glycogen in different developmental stages are significant（P〈0.05）. The maximum values of crude proteins and crude lipids respectively are 72.01% and 13.52% in maturation stage. Furthermore, the maximum of ash contents is 7. 59% in spent stage, and glycogen is 13.56% in spawning stage. The values of crude proteins and crude lipids are the lowest in spent stage and in proliferation stage respectively. The values of ash contents and glycogen are lowest in maturation stage. （3） In conclusion, changes of accumulation and consumption of crude proteins are anastomosed with changes of meat condition index. This study indicates that the meat condition index rises due to absorption and storage of energy by M. coruscus in gametogenesis, while it descends because of the release of gametes.