个体化健康教育对颈动脉斑块形成患者健康相关行为的影响

The Research on Interfering the Health Related Behavior of Patients with Carotid Atherosclerosis Plaque by Individualized Health Education

目的 探讨个体化健康教育对颈动脉斑块形成患者的健康相关行为的干预效果。方法 将2011年4月～7月间收集的217例经B超室彩色超声检查确诊有颈动脉斑块形成的心脑血管疾病患者随机分为对照组和试验组。分别给予传统的健康教育和个体化健康教育干预，4个月后比较两组患者健康相关行为改变的情况。结果试验组对“遵从医护计划”、“寻求促进健康行为”、“对疾病认识”、“经常进行的体育锻炼”这些行为的采纳率以及“每周体育锻炼≥4次”的比例都有不同程度的提高，提高的幅度均大于对照组 （P〈0.001）；吸烟、饮酒比例明显下降，且饮酒比例低于对照组 （P〈0.05）。结论 个体化健康教育能有效改变颈动脉斑块形成的心脑血管病患者健康相关行为，效果优于传统的健康教育方式。

Aim To discuss the intervention effects of the health related behavior of patients with carotid atherosclerosis plaque by individualized health education. Methods 217 patients with carotid atherosclerosis plaque in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease by the examination of color Doppler ultrasound were collected from April 2011 to July 2011. Then they were divided into experimental and control groups, and were separately given traditional education and individualized health education intervention. Four months later, the health-related behavior changes were compared in the two groups of patients （including complying with the health care plan, seeking to promote healthy behavior, and regular physical exercise, weight control, smoking, alcohol consumption）. Results The analysis outcome indicated that the comparison in the test group before and after the intervention was significant. The adoption rate of behavior for complying with the health care plan, seeking to promote healthy behavior, awareness of the disease, regular physical exercise and the proportion of number of physical exercise ≥4 times/week increased. Compared to the control group, experimental group had better improvement on the above. Meanwhile, the proportion of smoking and alcohol consumption declined significantly in the experimental group, and drinking was lower than in the control one （P〈0.001）. Conclusion Individual group was more effective than traditional group on improvement of health related behavior in patients with carotid artery plaque.