微型医用分子筛制氧机设计

Design of Mini-medical Oxygen Machine Based on Molecular Sieve

目的:分子筛变压吸附利用分子筛对氧气和氮气吸附能力的差异以及吸附容量随吸附压力变化而变化的特性生产出以医疗、保健为目的医用氧,具有清洁、取用方便等特点。为简单便捷获取呼吸用氧,利用分子筛变压吸附原理设计了一种微型医用制氧设备。方法:在分析分子筛制氧设备工作流程的基础上,给出了设备详细的气路和电路设计。原料空气经三级过滤处理后由无油空压缩机增压、冷凝器降温处理后经换向控制阀进入装有分子筛的吸附塔,空气中的氮气、二氧化碳、水蒸气被吸附剂选择吸附,氧气则穿过吸附塔进入储氧罐,经浓度、流量和压力检测后作为产品气体输出。利用单片机定时控制换向阀的换向切换,实现加压吸附、均压和解吸附的流程。还设计了设备运行过程中的信号检测、人机信息交互、故障诊断和报警系统等功能。结果:产品氧气浓度在90%以上,在小流量输出时浓度可达96%。整机噪声在55dB以下,具有计时、报警、血氧与脉率检测和雾化给药等功能。结论:合理选择设备部件、控制器件及创新的结构设计,该制氧机出氧浓度和压力稳定、噪声低,性价比高,运行安全可靠。

Objective： The pressure swing adoption has differences between the adsorption capacity of oxygen and nitrogen.The result shows that adsorption capacity changes with pressure. Medical oxygen for medical treatment and health care, produced by pressure swing adoption, has many characteristics, such as clean, easy to use. In order to find a convenient access to produce oxygen for breathing, a mini-medical oxygen machine is designed based on PSA. Methods： Based on the analysis of working process, the design of gas pipeline and circuit is introduced detailedly. Through three levels filtrating, oil-free air compressor boosting, condenser cooling, reversing valve processing, air is put into a zeolite molecular sieve adsorption tower. Then nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapor in the air are adsorbed by adsorbent, and a product gas as oxygen through the adsorption tower and the oxygen storage tank is outputted to user. Concentration, flow and pressure of oxygen are tested. The reversing valve brings about pressure adsorption, equalization and desorption. This kind of machine is also equipped with intelligence systems such as signal detection, man-machine information interaction,fault diagnosis and warning system.Results：The tests show that the lowest oxygen concentration is 90% ,which even reach to 96% in a slow flow rate. The functions such as timing, warning, aerosolization, blood oxygenation content and heart rate monitor are available as long as the noise of the overall unit is under 55db. Conclusions：Chosing components appropriate and innovated physical design generate the stability of oxygen concentration and pressure,low noise and high cost performance.