中国黄牛脑硬膜外异网结构特征观察

Structural features of epidural retia mirabile in Chinese cattle

采集甘肃省广河县成年黄牛的头部标本,采用管道铸型腐蚀技术,制作了黄牛脑动脉系统整体铸型标本,选取脑硬膜外异网血管铸型开展解剖学研究。结果发现,中国黄牛脑硬膜外异网主要由4部分组成:脑硬膜外前异网、脑硬膜外后异网、前V形扩展部及基-枕动脉丛。供应黄牛脑硬膜外异网的主要动脉有上颌动脉、枕动脉、椎动脉、眼外动脉及髁动脉,同时这些血管也是向脑组织供血的间接来源。研究认为,中国黄牛脑硬膜外异网的体积大小、异网吻合支数目、前V形扩展结构、基-枕动脉丛等形态学特性与国外报道的普通牛相似;基-枕动脉丛是连通黄牛脑硬膜外异网多条供血管道的枢纽结构,该枢纽将后异网、椎动脉、枕动脉及髁动脉贯通,成为向脑硬膜外异网供血的主要结构保障。

In present study, head samples of Chinese cattle were collected in Guanghe of Gansu province. Vascular corrosion casts of the cerebral arterial system of Chinese cattle were made, and detailed research on the epidural retia mirabile was carried out. Results found that main structure of the epidural retia mirabile of Chinese cattle were divided into four parts：anterior epidural retia mirabile,posterior epidural retia mirabile, basi-oecipital arterial plexus and anterior V-shaped ex- tension. Main arteries supplying blood to the epidural retia mirabile were the maxillary artery, oc cipital artery,vertebral artery, condylar artery and external ophthalmic artery,which were also re garded as the indirect sources of supplying blood to the brain. We considered that basic structural composition of the epidural retia mirabile in Chinese cattle was similar to previous reports. It can be inferred that the basi-occipital arterial plexus may be taken as a hinge structure connecting with most of supplying blood arteries of the epidural retia mirabile in cattle,and it has linked the poste rior epidural retia mirabile, occipital artery, vertebral artery and condylar artery together. We thought the basi-occipital arterial plexus is a main structural foundation of supplying blood to the epidural retia mirabile in Chinese cattle.