荷叶离褶伞液体发酵菌株筛选研究

Study on Screening of Liquid Fermentation Strains of Lyophyllum decastes

依据菌丝体生物学特性，从137株荷叶离褶伞液体发酵菌株中筛选出11株典型的菌株，并采用液体培养方式，测定了各菌株的液体培养特性，以期为探索荷叶离褶伞工厂化发酵奠定基础。结果表明：11株菌株在22℃下均能形成菌球，以白色，不规则形为主；培养液为苦杏仁味，除菌株‘ZY02’、‘ZY05’为褐色外，其它菌株均为淡黄色，含糖量在1．0%-2．3％之间，82％的菌株pH值在6．5～7．5；其中菌株‘ZY05’菌球数量最大，为1．51×10^4CFU／L，菌株生物量为5．4173g／L，菌株‘ZY09’菌株生物量为8．0937g／L最大，菌球数量为1．31×10^4CFU／L，培养液pH最低，为4．91，菌株‘ZY10’粗多糖含量最高，为1．1053g／L；该菌的培养特性因不同菌株而存在差异，菌株‘ZY05’、‘ZY09’、‘ZY10’是分别以茵球数量、菌株生物量、粗多糖含量为筛选指标的最佳菌株。

Excellent strains were screened for the liquid fermentation of Lyophyllum decastes ,which were the basis of exploring its main factory fermentation. Based on the mycelium biological characteristics, ele;een typical strains of Lyophyllum decastes were selected from 11.37 strains of Lyophyllum decastes and the liquid culture characteristics of each strain were measured through the niethod of liquid culture. The results showed that the eleven strains could form bacteria balls at 22℃ ,mainly white and irregular. The culture of bitter almond flavor,the color tended to be light yeli6wexcept strain ＇ZY02＇ and ＇ZY05＇,which were brown,the sugar content was between 1.0% and 2. 3%,and the pH of 82% strains was 6. 5-7. 5. Strain ＇ZY05 ＇ had the largest number of mycelial pellets （1.51 ×10^4CFU/L） ,and its biomass was 5. 4173 g/L. Strain ＇ZY09＇ had the largest biomass （8. 0937 g/L）,the number of mycelial pellets was 1. 31×10^4 CFU/L,and its pH was the lowest,only 4. 91. And strain ＇ZY10＇ has the largest eontem of polysaccharides （1. 1053 g/L）. In short, different strains led to different myceliurn culture characteristics, and strain ＇ ZY05 ＇, ＇ ZY09 ＇ and ＇ ZY10 ＇ were the best strains,judged respectively from the screening index of number of mycelial pellets, biomass and polysaccharides.