民主革命时期中共的“中华民族”观念

The CCP's Concept of Chinese Nation during the Democratic Revolution Period

新民主主义革命时期,中共的"中华民族"观念经历过从汉族的代称到汉族与汉化民族的统称再到中国境内各民族的共同称谓的演变。从1922年7月第一次使用"中华民族"观念到抗日战争全面爆发之前,中共所讲的"中华民族"在多数情况下指的是"汉族"。从抗日战争全面爆发到1938年8月中共六届六中全会召开之前,中共讲的"中华民族"是汉族与汉化民族的统称,其代表作是杨松的《论民族》一文。1938年9月召开的中共六届六中全会,在其"中华民族"观念的演变和民族政策的形成中具有十分重要的意义,而1939年12月毛泽东在《中国革命与中国共产党》一文中对中华民族的论述,则标志着中共"中华民族"观念的最终形成。中共"中华民族"观念的基本内涵是:中国是一个多民族的国家,"中华民族"是中国各民族的共同称谓,"中华民族"内部各民族之间一律平等。

During the New Democratic Revolution Period, the Chinese Communist Party （CCP）＇s concept ot Chinese Nation（Zhonghuaminzu）changed more than one times. At first it meant the Han nationality, then changed to designate the Han and other ethnic minorities influenced by the Han culture, then further to include all nationalities lived in China＇s territory. From its first use in July 1922 to outburst of the large-scale anti-Japanese War, in most circumstances the CCP＇s concept of Chinese nation meant the Han people. From then on, until August 1938 when the Sixth Plenary Session of the 6th CA^P Central Committee was held, as evidenced by Mr. Yang Song＇s essay＂On Nation＂, the concept of Chinese Nation changed to referring to the Han people and all ethnic minorities identifying to China nation. For the transforming and making of the CCP＇s concept of Chinese Nation the Six Plenary Session of the 6th CCP Central Committee in August 1938 was a significant meeting. Mao Ze dong＇ s articulation of Chinese Nation in his Chinese Revolution and Chinese Communist Party in December 1939 marked the final formation of the CCP＇s concept of Chinese Nation. This concept implies that China is a nation with various ethnic groups, Chinese Nation is the common name of these equal nationalities.