医学院校新生体质指数影响因素调查

Studying on the influencing factors of BMI of freshmen in medical colleges

目的:了解医学院校新生体质指数(BMI)现状,并对其相关影响因素进行分析。方法:对昆明医科大学2011级学生进行自身健康评估、营养知识、饮食行为、每周运动等情况开展问卷调查。结果:18.5≤BMI<24为标准体重指数,体重过轻(BMI<18.5)的占16.3%,超重(24≤BMI<28)的占5%,肥胖(28≤BMI)的占1.9%;女生体形偏瘦的人数明显多于男生(χ2=5.842,P=0.016),而肥胖的人数比男生少(χ2=11.852,P=0.001);城市与农村学生BMI指数存在统计差异(χ2=21.215,P<0.001);该群体的BMI指数与自身体重的认知态度(P<0.001),尝试控制体重的行为(P=0.032),每周做运动的频率(P=0.005),三餐习惯(P=0.031),是否吸烟(P<0.001),饮酒频率(P=0.005)有关。结论:应提高医学院校新生对自身体重的认知,增强体育锻炼以及合理饮食,培养良好的生活习惯。

Objective To study the status of BMI of freshmen in medical colleges, and analyze its influencing factors. Methods The freshmen in Kunming Medical University were surveyed with questionnaires on self assessment of health, nutrition knowledge, dietary behavior,weekly exercise and relevant factors. Results The students with underweight（ BMI 〈 18.5 ）accounted for 16. 3%. Students with overweight（24 ≤ BMI 〈 28）accounted for 5%. And students with obesity accounted for 1.9%. The number of female students with slim body was significantly higher than that of male students. While the number of female freshmen was lower than that of male among obesity students. There had significant difference of BMI in students between rural and urban areas. BMI of these students was related with cognition of bodyweight,behaviors of weight control ,frequency of weekly exercise ,habit of three meals a day, smoking and frequency of drinking. Conclusion It is important to improve their cognition of bodyweight, strengthen physical exercise and reasonable diet,and cultivate healthy living habits.