前提的类型特征、激活模式以及日语语句意义的理解

Characteristics and Activation Model of Different Types of Presupposition and the Understanding of Japanese Language

前提是句子语义得以形成的必要条件,也是语句意义的一种,包涵语义前提和语用前提两类。语义前提多为隐含在语句之中通过推论可以解读的意义,而语用前提则多为言外之意多通过语境和推论读取。本文认为,前提的认知和理解既受到投射的影响也与激活密不可分,而激活更是我们从复数个前提中读取其中之一并将解读导向理解的关键因素。

In Japanese language, presupposition is an absolute component in forming sentences. It also constitutes as a type sentence meaning. Presupposition includes semantic presupposition and pragmatic presupposition. Semantic presupposition functions as implication within the sentence, while pragmatic presupposition functions as inference in relation to the language context. In this article, the author ar- gues that the understanding and cognition of presupposition is not only influenced by presupposition pro- jection, but also closely related to presupposition trigger. When it comes to a sentence with multiple presuppositions, the presupposition trigger will be the key to our selection of only one of the existing oresuppositions and further using it as a guide to the understanding of the sentence.