门脉高压患者及动物模型脾脏及脾静脉病理损伤研究

The Pathological Study on Spleen and Splenic Vein in the Patients and Animal Models with Portal Hypertension

采取“门静脉部分结扎术”制得的动物模型及门脉高压症患者的脾脏及脾静脉组织块，并以正常大鼠及外伤性脾破裂脾切除患者作为对照，分别送光、电镜观察。旨在探讨门脉高压时内脏血管的病理性损伤与其发病机制的关系。结果表明，与正常对照组相比，门脉高压大鼠及患者脾血窦显著扩张，纤维结缔组织增生。脾静脉壁增厚，平滑肌增生，血管内皮广泛受损。结果提示，门脉高压时内脏血管发生继发性反应性结构改建，对门脉高压血流动力学进一步产生不良影响。

The spleen and splenic veins from animal models developed by partial ligation of portal vein and the patients with portal hypertension and normal spleen and splenic veins as controls from normal rats and splenectomized patients with traumatized spleens were observed under light microscopy and electronic mi- croscopy to evaluate the pathologic injury of splanchnic vessels in portal hypertension and its relationship with the occurrence of portal hypertension. The results showed that the splenic sinus was enlarged notably, the wall of splenic veins were thickened with proliferative smooth muscle cells and the vascular endothelium impaired massively as compared with control group. The results indicated there existed a secondary and reactive remodel- ing of the spleen and splenic vein structure, which led to worse influence to the hemodynamics of portal hyper- tension.