名词词组中的动词-ing成分的功能语言学分析

A Systemic Functional Approach to Non-finite-ing Component in Nominal Group

Halliday在其著述中并没有充分关注非限定成分,对动词-ing形式在名词词组中作前置修饰成分和后置修饰成分的研究更显简略,他认为动词-ing形式在名词词组中可作修饰语和类别语,这时动词-ing形式可转化为作性质语的级转移关系小句,形式为"thing+which does/is doing"(如a sleeping dog)。但对于另一种情形(如a sleeping bag),原先的"thing+which does/is doing"难以解释,只能以"a bag(which is used)for sleeping"来解释。本文拟从功能语言学的视角,对动词-ing形式作为前置修饰成分的这两种情形及其不同的形式进行探讨,考察其相同形式下的不同意义与功能。

Non-finite verbs have not received adequate attention in Halliday＇s works. This is particularly true to the study of non-finite -ing component which functions as a modifier in the nominal group. According to studies in systemic functional grammar, non-finite -ing component can be put into two categories： epithet and classifier, which can be expanded into a rank-shifted clause, taking the form of ＂thing ＋ which does/is doing＂（e.g., ＂a sleeping dog＂ can be expanded into ＂a dog which is sleeping＂）. However, such constructions as ＂a sleeping bag＂ （which can be expanded into ＂a bag which is used for sleeping＂ rather than ＂a bag which is sleeping＂ have not been explained. This paper is aimed to make a functional study of such non-finite components.