北京市昌平区高血压防治效果评估及社区健康管理模式

Prevention effect evaluation of hypertension and community health management model in Changping District of Beijing

目的对北京市昌平区2002、2005、2008和2010年18岁以上常住人口高血压患病及相关危险因素监测结果进行分析,以评价防治效果,并探讨高血压社区健康管理模式。方法采用等比例分阶段整群随机抽样的方法,在4年中分别对912、2 991、1 724和8 084人进行问卷调查、体格测量和血生化检测。结果高血压患病率分别为30.04%、44.37%、34.74%和36.31%;超重检出率分别为36.29%、43.10%、34.28%和36.49%,2008年以后又呈下降趋势(χ2高血压=92.33,P<0.01;χ2超重=51.46,P<0.01;血脂异常率和吸烟率有上升趋势(χ2血脂异常=404.23,P<0.01;χ2吸烟=69.37,P<0.01)。结论在当前人口老龄化和医疗费用急速增长的形势下,以社区卫生服务对慢性病的管理模式,尤其是对高血压健康管理可提高居民的健康水平。

[Objective]To analyze the prevalence rate of hypertension among residents over 18 years old in Changping District of Beijing in 2002 , 2005 , 2008 and 2010 , as well as monitoring results of related risk factors , evaluate the effect of prevention and control , and explore the community health management model of hypertension. [Methods] By using the proportional multistage stratified cluster random sampling , the questionnaire survey , physical measurement and blood biochemical detection were conducted among 912 , 2 991 , 1 724 and 8 084 people in each year respectively. [Results] The prevalence rate of hypertension was respectively 30.04% , 44.37% ,34.74% and 36.31 % I and the detection rate of overweight was respectively 36. 29% , 43.10% , 34.28% and 36.49%, which showed a decreasing trend since 2008 （hypertension x2 = 92. 33 ,P 〈 0. 01 ; overweight x2 = 51. 46 , P 〈 0.01）. The rates of blood lipid abnormality and smoking showed an increasing trend （blood lipid abnormality x2 = 404. 23 , P 〈0. 01 ; smoking x2 =69.37 , P 〈0. 01）. [Conclusion] Under the situation of aging of population and rapid growth of medical expense , the chronic disease management model based on the community health service , especially the health management of hypertension , can improve the health level of residents.