我国病死畜禽无害化处理现状与对策建议

Present Status of Harmless Disposal of Dead Livestock and Poultry in China and Counter-measures

黄浦江流域漂浮死猪的现象,引发了人们对病死猪等病死畜禽无害化处理的关注与担忧。目前,我国在处理病死畜禽过程中仍存在无害化处理池数量不足、技术单一、二次污染严重和补偿机制欠缺等问题。通过归纳病死畜禽无害化处理方式及我国在病死畜禽无害化处理过程中存在的问题,以及系统总结病死畜禽好氧发酵技术的原理及国内外研究现状与进展,提出我国应借鉴国外经验,推广病死畜禽好氧发酵技术,并进行病死畜禽好氧发酵工艺优化、有害气体控制等相关研究,探索好氧发酵处理规程及补偿机制。同时,建议应注重因地制宜及多种方式的综合,合理选择病死畜禽无害化处理方式。

The phenomenon of dead pigs floating on the Huangpu River has sparked people＇s attention and concern about safe disposal of dead livestock and poultry. Currently, there are still a lot of problems existing in the disposal of dead livestock and poultry in China, such as insufficient numbers of harmless treating pool, single technology, serious secondary pollution, lack of compensation mechanisms, etc.. This paper summarized the harmless disposal methods of dead livestock and poultry, and existing problems in these treatments. The paper also systematically sumsed up the theory of aerobic fermentation technology for treating dead livestock and poultry, and researched status and progress at home and abroad. The authors suggested that China should learn from foreign experience, promote the aerobic fermentation technology, carry out studies on optimizing dead livestock and poultry aerobic fermentation technology, and on controlling harmful gas, etc. At the same time, the paper suggested the rational selection of dead livestock and poultry harmless treatment methods, and to adopt comprehensive measures according to local conditions.