山东省城乡居民膳食钠摄入量及来源分析

Dietary sodium intakes and resources among residents in Shandong province

目的 了解山东省居民每日膳食钠的摄入量及食物来源.方法 于2011年6月在山东省采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取2184名18～ 69岁居民作为研究对象,最终数据完整者为2140名,完成率为98.0％.通过连续3d24h膳食回顾法和称重法收集其进食的所有食物及所在家庭3d各类调味品的消费数据,计算调查对象的平均每人每天膳食钠摄入量.比较不同特征调查对象膳食钠摄入量的差异,计算不同食物来源膳食钠占总钠的比例.结果 2011年山东省居民平均每人膳食钠摄入量为5745.0（95％ CI：5427.6 ～ 6062.5） mg/d.其中,男性为6147.4（95％ CI：5823.8 ～6471.0） mg/d,高于女性[5339.3 （95％ CI：5005.8 ～5672.8）mg/d] （F =75.22,P＜0.01）;农村居民为5910.1 （95％ CI：5449.3 ～6370.8）mg/d,高于城市居民[5341.6（95％CI：5007.0～ 5676.1）mg/d]（F=5.53,P＜0.05）.膳食钠主要来源依次为调味品、谷类和蛋类,平均每人膳食钠摄入量分别为4640.3（95％ CI：4360.2 ～4920.4）、650.7（95％CI：590.5 ～ 711.0）、118.9（95％CI：95.2～142.6）mg/d,分别占钠摄入总量的80.8％ （95％ CI：79.9％ ～ 81.6％）、11.3％ （95％ CI：10.3％ ～ 12.3％）、2.1％（95％ CI：1.6％ ～ 2.6％）.来源于加工食品的平均每人膳食钠摄入量为582.1 （95％ CI：497.8～666.4）mg/d,占摄入总量的10.1％（95％ CI：8.9％ ～ 11.4％）.结论 山东省居民人均每日膳食钠摄入量较高,调味品钠为膳食钠的主要来源,加工食品钠所占比例相对较少.

Objective To describe dietary sodium intakes and resources among residents in Shandong province.Methods A total of 2184 subjects were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method from 18-69 years old people in Shandong province in June,2011.A total of 2140 subjects completed the study,the completion rate was 98.0％.Three-day （24-hour per day） dietary recalls and weighting methods were conducted to collect information about all the foods and condiments consumed by the subjects.Individual dietary sodium intake was calculated,the differences of dietary sodium intake among subjects with different characteristics were analyzed,and the proportions of different dietary sodium resources were also analyzed.Results The amount of individual dietary sodium intake was 5745.0（95％ CI：5427.6-6062.5） mg/d in Shandong; 6147.4 （95％ CI：5823.8-6471.0） mg/d for male residents,5339.3 （95％ CI：5005.8-5672.8） mg/d for female residents.There was a significant difference between males and females （F =75.22,P ＜ 0.01）.The amount of individual dietary sodium intake was 5910.1 （95％ CI：5449.3-6370.8） mg/d,5341.6 （95％ CI：5007.0-5676.1） mg/d for rural residents and urban residents respectively,and there was also a significant difference （F =5.53,P ＜ 0.05）.The amount of condiment sodium intake was 4640.3 （95％ CI：4360.2-4920.4） mg/d,which was the largest contributor to sodium intake,accounting for 80.8％ （95％ CI：79.9％-81.6％） of total intake.Sodium intake from cereals was 650.7（95％ CI：590.5-711.0） mg/d,accounting for 1 1.3％ （95％ CI：10.3％-12.3％） of total intake.Sodium intake from eggs was 118.9 （95％ CI：95.2-142.6） mg/d,accounting for 2.1％ （95％ CI：1.6％-2.6％） of total intake.The amount of manufactured food sodium intake was 582.1 （95％ CI：497.8-666.4） mg/d,accounting for 10.1％ （95％ CI：8.9％-11.4％） of total intake.Conclusion Sodium intakes remain high among residents of Shandong province,and sodium from condiments was the largest source of dietary sodium intake,sodium of manufactured food only accounting for small part.