二甲基甲酰胺职业接触对作业工人氧化或抗氧化状态的影响

Effect of N, N-dimethylformamide on oxidation or antioxidation status among occupational exposed workers

目的 探讨职业接触二甲基甲酰胺（DMF）对作业工人氧化或抗氧化状态的影响.方法 2012年5月选取某DMF生产企业104名DMF接触工人和101名对照作为研究对象,调查职业史、年龄、性别、吸烟和饮酒等信息.测定车间空气中DMF浓度.采用血红蛋白N-甲基氨甲酰加合物（NMHb）水平作为内剂量标志物,结果以NMHb降解产物3-甲基-异丙基乙内酸脲（MVH）水平表示;测定血清中谷丙转氨酶（ALT）、谷草转氨酶（AST）水平反映肝功能;测定血清中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力、谷胱甘肽-S转移酶（GST）活性、丙二醛（MDA）水平、3-硝基酪氨酸（3-NT）水平反映机体氧化或抗氧化状态.结果 工作岗位作业场所空气中DMF浓度在3.3～ 12.4 mg/m3范围内,并未超过国家标准.接触组MVH水平为（19.69±12.52） mg/kg,对照组未检出.接触组血清SOD活力为（125.30 ±21.23） U/ml,高于对照组[（118.35 ±18.48）U/ml,￡=-2.47,P=0.014].SOD活力随MVH水平的增加,表现出不同的变化趋势.当MVH≤24 mg/kg时,SOD活力随MVH水平的增加而增加（r =0.356,P=0.002）;而当MVH＞ 24 mg/kg时,SOD活力随MVH水平的增加反而出现了降低的趋势（r=-0.260,P =0.150）.两组人群MDA、GST、3-NT、ALT、AST的差异无统计学意义.结论 较低的DMF暴露浓度对机体的抗氧化系统存在一定程度的刺激作用,在机体能够代偿防御的范围内,并未造成明显的脂质/蛋白的过氧化损伤.

Objective To explore the effect of N,N-dimethylformamide （DMF） on oxidation or antioxidation status among occupational exposed workers.Methods A total of 104 DMF exposed workers and 101 controls were recruited in this study in May 2012.The information of occupational history,age,gender,smoking and alcohol habits of all subjects were collected by questionnaire.DMF concentration in the air of workplace was tested.N-methylcarbamoylated haemoglobin adduct （NMHb） in blood was chosen as an inner-dose biomarker,which was expressed as 3-methyl-5-isopropylhydantoin （MVH）,the degeneration product of NMHb.Serum alanine aminotransferase （ALT）,aspartate aminotransferase （AST） levels were detected to reflect liver function.Serum superoxide dismutase （SOD） activity,glutathione-S-transferase （GST） activity,malondialdehyde （MDA） levels,3-nitrotyrosine （3-NT） levels were detected to reflect oxidative/antioxidative status.Results DMF concentration in workplace air was within the range of 3.3-12.4 mg/m3,which did not exceed our national standard.The MVH level in exposed workers was （19.69 ± 12.52） mg/kg,but was not detectable in control group.The activity of SOD in exposed workers （（125.30 ±21.23） U/ml） was significantly higher than the control group （（118.35 ± 18.48） U/ml,t =-2.47,P =0.014）.However,the activity of SOD showed different trends with the increasing of MVH level.When MVH ≤ 24 mg/kg,the SOD activity increased with the increasing of MVH level（r =0.356,P =0.002）.However,when MVH ＞ 24 mg/kg,SOD activity expressed decreasing trend with the increasing of MVH level （r =-0.260,P =0.150）.No significant differences were observed in GST,MDA,3-NT,ALT,AST levels among the two groups.Conclusion DMF exposure might have stimulatory effect on antioxidation system of the body under low concentration ; within the range of compensatory defense,DMF exposure did not cause obvious lipid and/or protein peroxidative damage.