深圳市龙岗区居民肠道寄生虫感染现状及影响因素

A survey on the status and influencing factors of intestinal parasite infection among residents in Longgang District of Shenzhen City

目的了解深圳市龙岗区居民肠道寄生虫感染现状,调查城市化带来社会生活经济因素变化对肠道寄生虫流行的影响,为调整防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,从5个街道各抽取1个自然村为调查点,入户进行问卷调查并收集居民粪便,以改良加藤氏厚涂片法检查寄生虫卵,每个自然村选取1所幼儿园为调查点,采用透明胶纸肛拭以检查托幼儿童蛲虫感染。结果居民共调查1 020人,总感染率为1.96%;检出4种寄生虫,感染率分别为华支睾吸虫1.37%,鞭虫0.29%,蛔虫0.20%,钩虫0.10%;其中肝吸虫为优势感染虫种,占总感染人数的70%;葵涌街道居民的感染率最高,为3.81%;坂田较低,为1%。不同年龄组居民感染率差异无统计学意义(χ2=3.52,P>0.05),20~30岁年龄组为感染多发人群,男性感染率为2.19%,高于女性的1.74%;幼托儿童蛲虫感染率为1.548%。居民寄生虫防治知识知晓率为70.46%,健康行为形成率为56.66%,居民土源线虫防治知识知晓率、行为形成率明显高于肝吸虫方面。结论龙岗区肠道寄生虫感染呈现低度流行态势,饮食习惯及饮食行为是主要影响因素。

[ Objective] To understand the status of intestinal parasite infection among residents in Longgang District of Shenzhen City, investigate the influence of economic and social factors changes caused by urbanization on epidemic of intestinal parasitic dis-eases, and provide a scientific basis for adjusting the prevention and control strategies. [ Methods] By using a stratified cluster sam-piing method, five villages were sampled from five streets as the investigation sites. A household survey was conducted by the ques-tionnaire, and the stool specimens were collected to detect the parasite eggs by Kato^s thick smear technique. Five kindergartens were chosen from the above five villages, and the threadworm infection in kindergarten children was detected by cellophane anal swab. [ Results ].A total of 1 020 residents were investigated, and the total infection rate was 1.96%. There were 4 types of para-sites, which the infection rate of Clonorchis sinensis, Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides and Hookworm was 1.37%, 0. 29%, 0. 20% and 0.10%, respectively. Clonorchis sinensis was the dominant parasite, which accounted for 70% of total ca-ses. The infection rate of residents in Kuiyong Street was the highest （3.81% ）, and that in Bantian Street was the lowest [1% }. There was no significant difference in infection rate among different age groups （ X^2 = 3.52, P 〉 0.05 }, and most of cases occurred in 20-30 years-old age group. The infection rate in males （2.19% ） was higher than that of females （ 1.74% ）. The threadworm in-fection rate of kindergarten children was 1. 548 %. The awareness rate of knowledge about prevention and control of parasites was 70. 46%, and the formation rate of health behaviors was 56.66%. The awareness rate and behavior formation rate of soil-transmit-ted helminth were significant higher than those of Clonorchis sinensis. [ Conclusion ] The prevalence of intestinal parasite infection among residents in Longgang District is at a low level, while the dietary habits and dietary behavior are the main influencing factors.