2009—2012年崇左市江州区肺结核流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of tuberculosis in Jiangzhou District of Chongzuo City from 2009-2012

目的通过了解崇左市江州区肺结核的流行病学特征，为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法对2009-2012年崇左市江州区肺结核疫情资料进行流行病学分析。结果2009-2012年共有肺结核病1671例，年平均发病率为126．43／10万，各年发病率分别为104．3／10万、106．19／10万、130．09／10万、168．32／10万，呈逐年递增趋势，年度之间发病率比较，差异有统计学意义（X^2=69．09，P〈0．01），提示结核病防控形势仍然严峻；地区分布显示，病例集中在江州区9个乡镇中的太平镇、驮卢镇、江州镇和左州镇等4个乡镇，占69．42％（1160／1671）；每月均有病例报告，但无明显季节性；发病年龄主要集中在45—74岁，占55．72％（931／1671）；职业分布以农民为主，占77．20％（1290／1671）；男女性别之比为2．59：1。结论该市应采取各种有效的方式、方法加强对广大民众进行肺结核防治知识及国家免费政策的宣传，提高农民对肺结核的知晓率，切实加强肺结核病的归口管理，从而扼制传染源，减少结核病的发生和流行。

[ Objective] To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis （TB} in Jiangzhou District of Chongzuo City, provide scientific evidence for developing the prevention and control measures. [ Methods ] The epidemic data of TB in Jiang-zhou District of Chongzuo City from 2009-2012 were analyzed with epidemiologieal method. [ Results] A total of 1 671 TB cases were reported from 2009-2012, and the average annual incidence rate was 126.43/lakh. The annual incidence rate was respectively 104.3/lakh, 106.19/lakh, 130.09/lakh and 168.32/lakh, which showed a rising trend gradual/y, and there was significant difference among different years （X^2 = 69.09 ,P 〈 0.01 ） , which indicated that situation of TB control is still grim. The area distri-bution presented that TB cases mainly occurred in Taiping Town, Tuolu Town, Jiangzhou Town and Zuozhou Town of 9 towns in Jiangzhou District, accounting for 69.42% （ 1 160/1 671 ）. TB cases were reported in every month, and there was no obvious sea-sonality. 55.72% （931/1 671 ） of patients were people aged 45-74 years old, and 77.20% （ 1 290/1 671 ） of patients were farm-er. The male-to-female ratio was 2.59： 1. [ Conclusion] It is necessary to strengthen the education of TB prevention knowledge and national policy of free treatment by various effective ways, enhance the awareness rate of TB knowledge among farmers, and improve the centralized management of TB, to control the source of infection, and reduce the occurrence and spread of TB.