广州地区92例成人水痘患者流行病学、临床及实验室特征分析

Epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of 92 adult patients with chickenpox in Guangzhou area

目的了解广州地区成人水痘患者流行病学、临床和实验室检查特征。方法回顾性分析92例成人水痘患者的流行病学、临床和实验室资料,选取同期30例儿童水痘患者作为对照。结果广州成人水痘患者多发生于秋冬季节(61.9%),白云区例数最多(40.2%),以学生为主(42.4%)。成人组(n=84)热程较长(P=0.033),咽痛、水泡伴发感染与累及口腔黏膜发生率均较儿童组明显升高(P=0.001、0.005、0.041),且皮疹以非向心性分布为主(P=0.006)。成人组合并肝炎发生率较儿童组高(54.8%vs 10.0%,P<0.001)。结论成人水痘患者临床表现不典型且病情较重,需注意并发症的防治。

Objective To investigate the epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory characteristics of adult patients with chickenpox in Guangzhou area. Methods We retrospectively enrolled 92 adult patients with chickenpox, collected and analyzed their epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory data. We also chose 30 child patients with chickenpox from same period for comparison. Results Adult patients with chickenpox in Guangzhou area were mostly found in seasons of autumn and winter （61.9%）, and in Baiyun district （40.2%）. They were mainly consisted of students （42.4%）. Patients in adult group （n = 84） had significantly longer fever （P = 0.033）, as well as higher frequencies of throat pain, blister with infection and involved in oral mucosa than those in child group （P = 0.001, 0.005, 0.041）, and most of their rash were not centrally distribution （P = 0.006）. Patients in adult group had higher frequency of hepatitis than those in childe group （54.8% vs 10.0%, P 〈 0.001）. Conclusion Clinical symptoms in adult patients with chickenpox are not typical and more severe, attentions must be paid to prevent and treat their complications.