我国对外贸易对产业结构优化影响的实证分析

Demonstration analysis of China foreign trade's influence on industry structure optimization influence

经济全球化条件下,对外贸易是影响一国产业结构优化的最重要和最基本的外部因素。出口贸易能够获取产业规模经济效应并改善资源结构、拓展国际市场和增加国民收入;进口贸易可以弥补国内产业结构失衡、提升产业的投入产出效率、改善要素资源的存量和结构、有助于观念变革和制度创新,这些最终都将推动一国产业结构不断优化。一国政府应通过产业政策和贸易政策的制定与调整,积极推动产业结构的优化。目前我国可以通过优化对外贸易结构、大力发展服务贸易和促进加工贸易的转型与升级等措施促进产业结构的优化。

Under the conditions of economic globalization, foreign trade is the most important and basic external factors that affect a country＇s industrial structure optimization. Export trade can obtain industry economies of scale and improve resource structure, expand the international market and increase the national income; import trade can compensate for the do- mestic industrial structure, upgrade the industry in- put-output efficiency, improve the stock and struc- tural elements of resources, and contribute to ideas reform and institutional innovation, which eventually will promote a national industrial structure optimiza- tion. A SLate Government should actively promote in- dustrial structure optimization through formulation and adjustment of industrial policy and trade policy. At present, China can optimize import -export trade structure, vigorously develop trade in services and promote the transformation and upgrading of processing trade and other measures to promote industrial structure optimization.