高校探究性学习有效性研究

On the Effectiveness of Inquiry Learning in Colleges

探究性学习是让学生在教师的指导下像科学家"做研究"一样,通过科学探究的过程自主构建知识体系的教学方式。然而,目前高校开展的探究性学习大多浮于表面、流于形式,没有实现真正意义上的探究过程。影响探究性学习有效性的因素有学生的认知基础与主体地位、教学设计与教学实施、探究学习的环境与资源、技术工具、评价方法等。通过引导学生进行充分的学习准备,保证高效的探究性学习;采用教学的"元认知"策略,提高学生的学习效率;提倡小组合作学习方式,促进学习者的全面发展;科学制定教学评价标准,通过经验反思促进学习巩固;加强信息技术与教学的整合,可以提高高校探究性学习的有效性。

Inquiry learning is an instructional method in which students, under the guidance of teachers, can build a knowledge system independently through the process of a scientific inquiry as scientists do. However, most of the inquiry learnings practiced presently in colleges are superficial and become a mere formality, ignoring the true inquiry process. This paper summarizes the basic thoughts and basic features of inquiry learning, analyzes the factors which affect the effectiveness of inquiry learning by combining with the teaching characteristics of colleges and universities, and puts forward five strategies of improving the effectiveness of inquiry learning.