栽培甘草产量相关性状遗传潜力及选择方法

Genetic Potential and Selection Index of Yield-related Traits in 2-year-old Licorice( Glycyrrhiza uralensis) Populations

目的:研究栽培甘草产量相关性状的遗传潜力及选择方法,为甘草高产品种选育提供理论依据。方法:采用随机区组设计,将4个甘草种质分别布置在4个不同生态环境下进行栽培对比试验,对10个产量相关性状进行田间测定,并应用数量遗传学方法对各性状的遗传潜力及根鲜重的选择方法进行分析。结果:株高(X1)、主根长(X4)和根长(X5)不但有较高的遗传变异系数、遗传力,而且相对遗传进展也较大,表明这3个性状具有较大的遗传改良潜力。其中,株高、根长或二者的组合,对根鲜重(Y1)的选择效率较高,以Y1=0.21X1+0.08X5进行选择,其相对效率可比直接对根鲜重选择提高45.94%。结论:对于根鲜重主要依据株高和根长间接选择来实现。即在保证植株高大的前提下,着重对根长进行选择,这有利于高产材料的筛选。

Objective ： To evaluate genetic potential and selection index of yield-related traits in 2-year-old populations, and provide a basis for high-yield breeding of licorice （ Glycyrrhiza uralensis）. Methods： Four genotype licorice populations were transplanting in four different environment using complete randomized block design with three replication, and the 10 yield-related traits, including plant height （PH）, stem diameter （SD）, tiller number （TN）, taproot length （TRL）, root length （RL）, root diameter （RD）, diameter of 20 cm below the root head （D20）, taperingness （TR）, lateral root number （LRN） and root fresh weight （RFW） were meas- ured in field. Genetic potential and selection index of yield-related traits were evaluated using theories of quantitative genetics. Results ： The genetic potential were higher for the three traits of PH （X1 ）, TRL （X4 ） and RL （X5 ） that showed through genetic parameter of broad sense heritahility （ h2 ）, genetic variation coefficient （GCV） and relative genetic advance （RGA）. Among them, selection relative value increased by 45.94 % through combination of PH and RL （I11 =0. 21X1 ＋0. 08X5 ） compared with the direct selection for RFW （ Y1 ）. Conclusion ： It can realize effective indirectly selection for yield traits, RFW of licorice by PH and RL or their combination. That is, for selection of high-yield licorice, select big and high plants firstly, and then single out long root length materials.