精神科医院感染的危险因素分析

Analysis of risk factors of nosocomial infections in psychiatric hospitals

目的了解精神科住院患者医院感染发生情况,分析其危险因素,探讨预防对策。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对2012年1月至12月1 986例住院的精神疾病患者发生医院感染情况进行调查,并分析其危险因素。结果共发生医院感染88例,感染发生率为4.43%。医院感染部位以呼吸道为主,占47.73%,其次是胃肠道、泌尿系统、口腔等;医院感染危险因素包括高龄、住院时间较长、有合并症、有侵入性操作。结论精神科住院患者医院感染发生率高,应加强病区环境管理,严格执行无菌操作规程及消毒规范,降低精神科住院患者医院感染发生率。

Objective To understand the status of nosocomial infections in psychiatric hospitals, to analyze the risk factors and put forward the nursing measures. Method Totally ,1 986 hospitalized patients in psychiatric hospital between January 2012 to December 2012 were investigated through retrospective survey to explore the nosocomial infection status and the risk factors. Results There were 88 infectious cases,which accounted for 4.43 % of all the investigated cases. The most common infection site was respiratory tract （47.73%） ,followed by gastrointestinal tract ,urinary tract and oral cavity. The risk factors included advanced age,long hospitalized stay, coexistent complications and invasive procedures. Conlcusion Nosocomial infection of hospitalized patients in psychiatric department has a high incidence. The management of ward environment should be strengthened, aseptic operation procedure and disinfection standard should be strictly followed,so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections of paychiatric hospitalized patients.