北半球臭氧总量与平流层环流关系的分析

THE ANALYSIS OF THE RELATION BETWEEN TOTAL OZONE AND THE STRATOSPHERE CIRCULATION OVER THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE

本文利用北半球30年臭氧资料分析了臭氧总量变化与平流层大气环流的关系,发现:(1)臭氧总量和平流层大气环流一样季节变化很明显。冬半年与平流层极涡对应的是极地臭氧高值区;夏半年与极地高压区对应的是极地臭氧低值区。(2)北半球臭氧总量分布形势由冬到夏转换的时间和平流层中低层大气环流(由极涡转换为极地高压)的转换时间都出现在5—6月;由夏到冬前者出现在10—11月比后者(出现在9—10月)迟1月。(3)全年内北半球各纬带的臭氧总量都随平流层超长波振幅的增减而增减,两者均为正相关。(4)平流层突发性增温前期(前两个月)北半球臭氧总量分布与该月多年平均分布有显著差异。(5)从增温前2个月到增温当月,增温地区的臭氧总量中心强度每月都以20％以上的增长率增加;从增温前期到增温后期(后两个月),增温地区的臭氧总量始终保持10％以上的负距平,即突发性增温出现在臭氧总量长期持续负距平的地区。

This paper consists of two parts, i. e. the annual variations of the total ozone and the stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) in Feb. 1981. The results show: 1. The total ozone and the stratosphere circulation are the same in seasonal variation. The polar vortex is corresponding with the high value of total ozone in winter; the polar high is corresponding with the low value in summer. 2. From winter to summer, the distribution of total ozone over the Northern Hemisphere and the lower stratospheric circulation are the same in transition time (May-June); from summer to winter, the former occurs in Oct.-Nov. , it is one month later than the latter(Sept.-Oct.). 3. The total ozone increases with increasing of the amplitude of the extra-long wave of the stratosphere during the whole year. 4. The total ozone distribution of the pre-stage(before two months) of the SSW is quite different from the secular mean distribution in that month. 5. The strength of the centre of the total ozone continuously increases more than 20% each month in the SSW place from the before two months of the SSW to the warming-month. 6. The total ozone maintains more than 10% of minus anomaly from the pre-stage to the post-stage (after two months) in the SSW place, i.e the SSW occurs in the place where the total ozone maintains minus anomaly for a long time.